Hubble's deep view of the cosmos
By Dr David Whitehouse
BBC News Online science edit
Hubble's deep view of the cosmos
By Dr David Whitehouse
BBC News Online science editor
Into the deep: Other telescopes will now follow up the study.
The Hubble Space Telescope has obtained the deepest view of the cosmos, detecting the oldest and most distant galaxies seen by astronomers.
The Hubble Ultra Deep Field is the result of a prolonged look over four months at just one small patch of sky.
This historic image takes astronomers close to the Big Bang itself, unveiling the first galaxies that emerged from the end of the so-called "dark ages".
The image is expected to be unsurpassed until a new telescope is put in orbit.
Prolonged exposure
To produce the image, Hubble peered at the same point in the heavens for periods of many minutes between 24 September 2003 and 16 January 2004.
In what amounts to a million-second-long exposure, some of the first galaxies that developed after the Big Bang can be seen. This was a time in cosmic history when the first stars were reheating a cold, dark Universe. We have seen things that are fainter than anyone has ever seen before
When the observations ended, Steven Beckwith, director of the Space Telescope Science Institute, told BBC News Online: "We have seen things that are fainter than anyone has ever seen before."
The Hubble Ultra Deep Field (HUDF) contains an estimated 10,000 galaxies.
It is centered on the constellation Fornax, next to the constellation Orion. In ground-based images, the patch of sky (just one-tenth the diameter of the full Moon) is largely empty.
But the Hubble image, according to Dr Beckwith, is "just beautiful - rich, with many different, intriguing things".
Two deep images
This historic view is actually a combination of two separate images taken by Hubble's Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) and its Near Infrared Camera and Multi-object Spectrometer (Nicmos).
HUBBLE'S LONGEST LOOK
It took Hubble 400 orbits to build ultra deep field observation
ACS snapped 800 exposures; each averaged 21 mins long
Total time amounted to 11.3 days of continuous viewing
Most distant light detected at rate of 1 photon per minute
Both images reveal galaxies that are too faint to be seen by ground-based observatories, or even in Hubble's previous faraway looks, called the Hubble Deep Fields (HDF), taken in 1995 and 1998.
The final ACS image is studded with a wide range of galaxies of various sizes, shapes, and colours.
There is also a "zoo" of oddball galaxies littering the field. A few appear to be interacting. Their strange shapes are different from the spiral and elliptical galaxies we see today.
These unusual galaxies chronicle a period when the Universe was more chaotic; order and structure were just beginning to emerge.
The Nicmos sees even farther than the ACS. It reveals the farthest galaxies ever seen, because the expanding Universe has stretched their light into the near-infrared portion of the spectrum.
Object identification
"Nicmos provides important additional scientific content to cosmological studies in the HUDF," said Rodger Thompson, of the University of Arizona, and the Nicmos principal investigator.
An edge-on spiral galaxy pictured close to an "oddball" blue galaxy
The entire HUDF also was observed with the advanced camera's "grism" spectrograph, a hybrid prism and diffraction grating. "The grism spectra have already yielded the identification of about a thousand objects," Thompson added.
"Included among them are some of the intensely faint and red points of light in the ACS image, prime candidates for distant galaxies," said Sangeeta Malhotra, of the Space Telescope Science Institute and the principal investigator for the Ultra Deep Field's ACS grism follow-up study.
"Based on those identifications, some of these objects are among the farthest and youngest galaxies ever seen."
http://hubble.nasa.gov/
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Wed, April 9 03:01 am
YouTube/InternetRebellion EXCLUSIVE!
A new planet was discovered b
Wed, April 9 03:01 am
YouTube/InternetRebellion EXCLUSIVE!
A new planet was discovered by scientists, Wednesday, in the LEO Constellation.
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John Greenewald of the Black Vault discussed UFOs and government documentation & disclosur
John Greenewald of the Black Vault discussed UFOs and government documentation & disclosure. Through his Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requests, he has created the world's largest online database of US government documents. When filing such inquiries the trick is to be neither too specific or too broad in the requests, he said, adding that one request took nine years to get a response. The US govt., he noted, has millions of documents, and often doesn't even know what it has.
In the recent Stephenville case, he filed a request to get the tower logs for every air base in the area (he typically asks for this type of information rather than directly mentioning UFOs). Though he has yet to receive a response, 48 hours after filing the request, the military issued their switched story about having jets in the area.
Greenewald said he received a stack of 100 pages from the Canadian government about UFOs which included reports of light balls, discs, and other aerial objects, up through the year 2003. The documents indicated that both commercial and Air Force pilots should report UFO activity to NORAD. This was also confirmed in a US Air Force manual, yet NORAD continues to claim that it stopped collecting UFO reports in 1965, he said. One of the newer features to the Black Vault is a user-contributed encyclopedia covering ufology and related issues.
In the latter portion of the interview, Greenewald offered reactions to callers accounts of UFO sightings.
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Visions of the Future & the Past
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Visions of the Future & the Past
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FIRST HOUR! Of 04/14/08 Show.
Futurist Gordon-Michael Scallion returned to the show to
FIRST HOUR! Of 04/14/08 Show.
Futurist Gordon-Michael Scallion returned to the show to talk about his visions of dramatic Earth Changes, Atlantis, the Pyramids and the current Presidential Election. "We're moving towards a crescendo," Scallion said, regarding the changes happening here on Earth. He foresees a move towards an "intuitive society" where people will be more group-oriented and less self-interested.
Based on his visions of the past, Scallion described the elaborate energy system used by Atlantis, which he dubbed "a wireless broadcast of power." This system harnessed power from the Sun via a series of giant crystals suspended inside "power domes." The power was then stored in underground plasma chambers and broadcast into the air throughout Atlantis, powering all of their vehicles and other materials.
Scallion also talked about his visions of how and why the Great Pyramid of Egypt was built. He claimed that, prior to the cataclysm that destroyed Atlantis, all the great seers of the land knew a change was coming to Earth. In turn, they built the pyramid using the concept of the Egyptian leaders and the architecture of the Atlanteans. Scallion said that the pyramid was used as an observatory to "track back" what was happening on Earth, a communication system to other star systems, a temple of initiation, and an archive of records.
Looking at future events, Scallion noted a prediction that he'd made in May of 2007 concerning the impending Presidential Election. Scallion?s response, while in a higher state, to the question of who would win the election was that "Lincoln will occupy the White House again." Scallion interpreted that to foretell an Obama victory in November. On the subject of the economy, Scallion warned that "the worst is yet to come, unfortunately."
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John Greenewald of the Black Vault discussed UFOs and government documentation & disclosur
John Greenewald of the Black Vault discussed UFOs and government documentation & disclosure. Through his Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requests, he has created the world's largest online database of US government documents. When filing such inquiries the trick is to be neither too specific or too broad in the requests, he said, adding that one request took nine years to get a response. The US govt., he noted, has millions of documents, and often doesn't even know what it has.
In the recent Stephenville case, he filed a request to get the tower logs for every air base in the area (he typically asks for this type of information rather than directly mentioning UFOs). Though he has yet to receive a response, 48 hours after filing the request, the military issued their switched story about having jets in the area.
Greenewald said he received a stack of 100 pages from the Canadian government about UFOs which included reports of light balls, discs, and other aerial objects, up through the year 2003. The documents indicated that both commercial and Air Force pilots should report UFO activity to NORAD. This was also confirmed in a US Air Force manual, yet NORAD continues to claim that it stopped collecting UFO reports in 1965, he said. One of the newer features to the Black Vault is a user-contributed encyclopedia covering ufology and related issues.
In the latter portion of the interview, Greenewald offered reactions to callers accounts of UFO sightings.
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Visions of the Future & the Past
Futurist Gordon-Michael Scallion returned to the show
Visions of the Future & the Past
Futurist Gordon-Michael Scallion returned to the show to talk about his visions of dramatic Earth Changes, Atlantis, the Pyramids and the current Presidential Election. "We're moving towards a crescendo," Scallion said, regarding the changes happening here on Earth. He foresees a move towards an "intuitive society" where people will be more group-oriented and less self-interested.
Based on his visions of the past, Scallion described the elaborate energy system used by Atlantis, which he dubbed "a wireless broadcast of power." This system harnessed power from the Sun via a series of giant crystals suspended inside "power domes." The power was then stored in underground plasma chambers and broadcast into the air throughout Atlantis, powering all of their vehicles and other materials.
Scallion also talked about his visions of how and why the Great Pyramid of Egypt was built. He claimed that, prior to the cataclysm that destroyed Atlantis, all the great seers of the land knew a change was coming to Earth. In turn, they built the pyramid using the concept of the Egyptian leaders and the architecture of the Atlanteans. Scallion said that the pyramid was used as an observatory to "track back" what was happening on Earth, a communication system to other star systems, a temple of initiation, and an archive of records.
Looking at future events, Scallion noted a prediction that he'd made in May of 2007 concerning the impending Presidential Election. Scallion?s response, while in a higher state, to the question of who would win the election was that "Lincoln will occupy the White House again." Scallion interpreted that to foretell an Obama victory in November. On the subject of the economy, Scallion warned that "the worst is yet to come, unfortunately."
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Visions of the Future & the Past
Futurist Gordon-Michael Scallion returned to the show
Visions of the Future & the Past
Futurist Gordon-Michael Scallion returned to the show to talk about his visions of dramatic Earth Changes, Atlantis, the Pyramids and the current Presidential Election. "We're moving towards a crescendo," Scallion said, regarding the changes happening here on Earth. He foresees a move towards an "intuitive society" where people will be more group-oriented and less self-interested.
Based on his visions of the past, Scallion described the elaborate energy system used by Atlantis, which he dubbed "a wireless broadcast of power." This system harnessed power from the Sun via a series of giant crystals suspended inside "power domes." The power was then stored in underground plasma chambers and broadcast into the air throughout Atlantis, powering all of their vehicles and other materials.
Scallion also talked about his visions of how and why the Great Pyramid of Egypt was built. He claimed that, prior to the cataclysm that destroyed Atlantis, all the great seers of the land knew a change was coming to Earth. In turn, they built the pyramid using the concept of the Egyptian leaders and the architecture of the Atlanteans. Scallion said that the pyramid was used as an observatory to "track back" what was happening on Earth, a communication system to other star systems, a temple of initiation, and an archive of records.
Looking at future events, Scallion noted a prediction that he'd made in May of 2007 concerning the impending Presidential Election. Scallion?s response, while in a higher state, to the question of who would win the election was that "Lincoln will occupy the White House again." Scallion interpreted that to foretell an Obama victory in November. On the subject of the economy, Scallion warned that "the worst is yet to come, unfortunately."
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John Greenewald of the Black Vault discussed UFOs and government documentation & disclosur
John Greenewald of the Black Vault discussed UFOs and government documentation & disclosure. Through his Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requests, he has created the world's largest online database of US government documents. When filing such inquiries the trick is to be neither too specific or too broad in the requests, he said, adding that one request took nine years to get a response. The US govt., he noted, has millions of documents, and often doesn't even know what it has.
In the recent Stephenville case, he filed a request to get the tower logs for every air base in the area (he typically asks for this type of information rather than directly mentioning UFOs). Though he has yet to receive a response, 48 hours after filing the request, the military issued their switched story about having jets in the area.
Greenewald said he received a stack of 100 pages from the Canadian government about UFOs which included reports of light balls, discs, and other aerial objects, up through the year 2003. The documents indicated that both commercial and Air Force pilots should report UFO activity to NORAD. This was also confirmed in a US Air Force manual, yet NORAD continues to claim that it stopped collecting UFO reports in 1965, he said. One of the newer features to the Black Vault is a user-contributed encyclopedia covering ufology and related issues.
In the latter portion of the interview, Greenewald offered reactions to callers accounts of UFO sightings.
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