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Speaking to an audience in Harlem, Malcolm X explain
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Speaking to an audience in Harlem, Malcolm X explains: "If you're interested in freedom, you need some judo, you need some karate--you need all the things that will help you fight for freedom...They can give us the back pay. Let's join in. If this is what the negro wants, let's join him. Let's show him how to struggle, let's show him how to fight. Let's show him how to bring about a real revolution. You don't need a debate. You don't need a filibuster. You need some action."
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Malcolm X appears on a television in Chicago called
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Malcolm X appears on a television in Chicago called "City Desk" on March 17, 1963.
"My father didn't know his last name. My father got his last name from his grandfather and his grandfather got it from his grandfather who got it from the slavemaster. The real names of our people were destroyed during slavery. The last name of my forefathers was taken from them when they were brought to America and made slaves, and then the name of the slavemaster was given, which we refuse, we reject that name today and refuse it. I never acknowledge it whatsoever."
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Silent clip of the Audobon Ballroom immediately afte
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Silent clip of the Audobon Ballroom immediately after the assassination of Malcolm X on February 21, 1965.
Malcolm had just begun delivering a speech when a disturbance broke out in the crowd of 400. A man in the audience created a diversion, yelling "Get your hand outta my pocket! Don't be messin' with my pockets!" As Malcolm's bodyguards moved to quiet the disturbance, a man rushed forward with a shotgun and shot Malcolm in the chest. Two other men charged the stage and fired handguns at Malcolm, who was shot 16 times. The crowd caught and beat the assassins as they attempted to flee the ballroom. Malcolm was pronounced dead on arrival at New York's Columbia Presbyterian Hospital.
After the assassination, Malcolm X was taken on a stretcher from the Audubon Ballroom to Columbia Presbyterian Hospital.
Malcolm X received fifteen bullets and was pronounced dead on arrival at Vanderbilt Clinic, Columbia Presbyterian Hospital. He was thirty nine years old.
Three men had been convicted as the assassins of Malcolm X. One of them, Talmadge Hayer, claimed that Norman 3X Butler and Thomas 15X Johnson were totally innocent. Hayer initially refused to name those whom he claimed were his actual co-assailants. But in 1977, he named them in two affidavits as Albert Thomas, William Bradley, Leon David and Wilbur McKinley, all fellow members of a Newark, New Jersey mosque with Hayer.
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"Recently when I was blessed to make a religious pil
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"Recently when I was blessed to make a religious pilgrimage to the holy city of Mecca where I met many people from all over the world, plus spent many weeks in Africa trying to broaden my own scope and get more of an open mind to look at the problem as it actually is, one of the things that I realized, and I realized this even before going over there, was that our African brothers have gained their independence faster than you and I here in America have. They've also gained recognition and respect as human beings much faster than you and I. Just ten years ago on the African continent, our people were colonized. They were suffering all forms of colonization, oppression, exploitation, degradation, humiliation, discrimination, and every other kind of -ation. And in a short time, they have gained more independence, more recognition, more respect as human beings than you and I have. And you and I live in a country which is supposed to be the citadel of education, freedom, justice, democracy, and all of those other pretty-sounding words. So it was our intention to try and find out what it was our African brothers were doing to get results, so that you and I could study what they had done and perhaps gain from that study or benefit from their experiences." Malcolm X makes it plain that he is opposed to the philosophy of Martin Luther King.
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Malcolm X explains that he is not a racist, he does
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Malcolm X explains that he is not a racist, he does not subscribe to any of the tenets of racism and that he judges people based on their actions.
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"Back during slavery, when Black people like me talk
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"Back during slavery, when Black people like me talked to the slaves, they didn't kill 'em, they sent some old house Negro along behind him to undo what he said. You have to read the history of slavery to understand this. There were two kinds of Negroes. There was that old house Negro and the field Negro. And the house Negro always looked out for his master. When the field Negroes got too much out of line, he held them back in check. He put 'em back on the plantation. The house Negro could afford to do that because he lived better than the field Negro. He ate better, he dressed better, and he lived in a better house. He lived right up next to his master - in the attic or the basement. He ate the same food his master ate and wore his same clothes. And he could talk just like his master - good diction. And he loved his master more than his master loved himself. That's why he didn't want his master hurt. If the master got sick, he'd say, "What's the matter, boss, we sick?" [Laughter] When the master's house caught afire, he'd try and put the fire out. He didn't want his master's house burned. He never wanted his master's property threatened. And he was more defensive of it than the master was. That was the house Negro. But then you had some field Negroes, who lived in huts, had nothing to lose. They wore the worst kind of clothes. They ate the worst food. And they caught hell. They felt the sting of the lash. They hated their master. Oh yes, they did. If the master got sick, they'd pray that the master died. If the master's house caught afire, they'd pray for a strong wind to come along. This was the difference between the two. And today you still have house Negroes and field Negroes. I'm a field Negro."
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"I read once, passingly, about a man named Shakespea
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"I read once, passingly, about a man named Shakespeare. I only read about him passingly, but I remember one thing he wrote that kind of moved me. He put it in the mouth of Hamlet, I think, it was, who said, "To be or not to be." He was in doubt about something. Whether it was nobler in the mind of man to suffer the slings and arrows of outrageous fortune, moderation, or to take up arms against a sea of troubles and by opposing end them. And I go for that. If you take up arms, you'll end it, but if you sit around and wait for the one who's in power to make up his mind that he should end it, you'll be waiting a long time. And in my opinion, the young generation of whites, blacks, browns, whatever else there is, you're living at a time of extremism, a time of revolution, a time when there's got to be a change. People in power have misused it and now there has to be a change and a better world has to be built and the only way it's going to be built is with extreme methods. And I, for one, will join in with anyone, I don't care what color you are, as long as you want to change this miserable condition that exists on this earth."
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"They're afraid that I will tell the real reason tha
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"They're afraid that I will tell the real reason that they've been -- that I'm out of the Black Muslim movement, which I never told, I kept to myself. But the real reason is that Elijah Muhammad, the head of the movement, is the father of eight children by six different teenaged girls, six different teenaged girls who were his private personal secretaries."
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Rejecting the non-violent approach of Martin Luther
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Rejecting the non-violent approach of Martin Luther King, Malcolm X explains: "One white man named Lincoln supposedly fought the civil war to solve the race problem and the problem is still here...and then another white man named Kennedy came along, running for president, and told Negroes what all he was going to do for them if they voted for him, and they voted for him 80 percent, and he's been in office now for three years and the problem is still here. When police dogs were biting black women and black children and black babies in Birmingham, Alabama, that Kennedy talked about what he couldn't do because no federal law had been violated, and as soon as the Negroes exploded and began to protect themselves and got the best of the crackers in Birmingham, then Kennedy sent for troops. And there was no-- he used -- he didn't have any new law when he sent for the troops when the Negroes erupted than he had at the time when whites were erupting. So we are within our rights and with justice-- with justification when we express doubt concerning the ability of the white man to solve our problem and also when we express doubt concerning his integrity, concerning his sincerity, because you will have to confess that the problem has been around here for a long time and whites have been saying the same thing about it for the past 100 years and it's no nearer a solution today than it was a hundred years ago."
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